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man but the sum of his thoughts?
Personal Statement #22 Things You
Don't Wanna Know
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Saving the Scripture from
Superstition:
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How Literalism Has
Ruined the Spiritual
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Message of the World's Greatest
Book!
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Editor's note:
Before proceeding here, you'll want to read Part I, P.S.
#19.
June 3, 2009
In Personal Statement #19 I discussed with you the issue of mistaken
identity - that false sense
of self masquerading as one's true
person.
Offering my own childhood experience as
a reference, what I termed "the good little boy who kept the rules,"
I explored how people latch onto all sorts of external psychological support-systems
and begin to assume the mental posture, "This is who I am!"
The Good
Little Boy Revisited
Have a look at that kid one more time:

How
1950s-ish is the old farmhouse living room! our very first tv,
resting on a swivel-top, pointed toward the kitchen, allowing Dad to
watch Gunsmoke during supper! and look at that
hard-surface, reflective, linoleum flooring! Anyway, as Mom's
caption denotes, it is Confirmation Day, June 3, 1960; of course,
there would be photos today! See my tender and guileless 9
year-old self! I am beaming so, in the security of this
well-ordered life, and my clearly-defined place in it! flanked, to
the left, by cousin Father Leo Kuhn's imposing photo,
center-positioned atop Mom's ancient, walnut hope-chest; and,
on the right, high on the wall, by a humorless and severe religious
icon, standing sentinel over all of us. My jacket is a size too small; my pants, a bit
too baggy; but, no matter, I feel good
with my brand-new, Sears-catalogue, Pat Boone "white bucks," adorning this
festive occasion; Aunt Alice said she liked them a lot. And, most importantly, I am holding, in
my young, farmboy, calloused hands, a gilt-edged, embossed certificate, a most auspicious document, festooned, top to
bottom, with impressive-looking ecclesiastical symbols; even more, signed by such august personage as the
Bishop, no less! who traveled all the way from Fargo
just for this special day! the confluence
of all such wonder indicating, especially to me, that
I have done my duty, been good,
kept the rules, and that
now, by implication, I have been assured, God himself will officially
love this sincere little boy somewhat more than he did only
hours before! Is this the way the universe, the divine economy, works?
There are untold millions who will tell you that it
does!
As I access the emotional archives of that long-ago time, exactly 49 years ago,
I sense that I believed that I had arrived... what further evidence did I
need?
All of this might be rather humorous if the
consequences of such illusion were not so serious.
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Because we live
in a world (P.S. #21), which, every day, tells us that we,
ourselves, are not enough; that we come up short; that we, defective
creatures that we are, are too plebeian, too drone-like,
to be of any real consequence; and that the God of the universe,
but for careful prompting from designated others, could never really love us, would never
really lower himself and get his hands dirty with us,
unless we solicit the lobbying efforts of some external
authority, some external support, some official mediator, to convince
a bureaucratic heaven to even consider our pathetic little
lives.
In case you haven't noticed, this
is what The Lying Teacher (P.S. #21) tells us everyday,
in his myriad ways, via methods, which are legion.
When we accept that pandemic propaganda
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The Big Lie that
we are "not enough"
- effectively, we say to ourselves, "I must do something,
believe something, think something, agree to something, in
order for me to get God's attention and to
become whole on the inside; because, on my own, I will surely never
measure up."
And, in this pathological process, our very
sense of identity - now distorted and altered - becomes linked to
these psychological crutches!
And here's a
major arena in which all of this takes place...
Have you ever had a religious
argument with someone?
Is there anything in this troubled world that
can make people more furious, spitting mad, more venomous, than
disagreement about God?
It's strange, isn't it?
Why do people become
so enraged about these things?
Does The Almighty really
need to be defended? How do you defend someone
who goes by the title "Almighty"? Exactly what would you add to his
defense, given his possession of "all might"?
Is God, The One who knows all things, who
inhabits space and time and all dimensions, so fragile, so
delicate,
so vulnerable, that he cannot bear to have
one of us poor misguided schlepps, "down here," floundering in the
darkness, disagree with his "truth"?
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Those who argue about religion
will tell you - will tell themselves - that they are defending "the
truth" and defending God. But I'm here to encourage you to look a
little deeper. Because the intense fervency and ferocity of those
debates, fundamentally, has nothing to do with defending the truth
or God... and has
everything
to do with defending one's
own sense of distorted personal identity!
It's like this.
Let's say that
two people are debating the necessity to worship God on a particular
day of the week. Such discussions, so often, devolve into words of
hostility and anger.
Why is that? Why should it matter so much?
I
mean, if you
want to go to
church on Saturday, as opposed to Sunday, or Wednesday, or
just walk in the woods and silently pray, so what?
Yet, we know, the sentiment
expressed during such discussions is often not quite so egalitarian.
Why should we care if
someone disagrees with us?
Why all the melodrama and histrionics? Why even debate it at
all? Why not just calmly, unemotionally, detachedly say, "I think you should do
what you think is right; and I'll do what I
think is right; and it really doesn't matter to me."
But that's not the way these "discussions" usually
go - because the real issue has nothing to do with God, or a
special day, or a doctrine, or anything like that.
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The real issue is that one's own ego is under
attack! one's own sense of identity is under attack! For many, a
particular religious belief represents years of psychological
investment; even, family
history: "My Grandmother believed this, and I will believe it, too
- this is who we are!"
And this sense of distorted identity, this
egoic mind, as any
life form, will struggle to survive, and it will fight for its
life!
Because if
the debate is lost, one's whole sense of being might be thrown into
disarray; and, in the wake of such defeat, the ensuing,
painful, mental dissonance - the ego believes - would signal its own destruction
and death!
And... this is why there are so many things
that people don't wanna know!
The
Infallible Book... and other ego supports
Before I understood these things, I had
wondered why so many people - as if their
lives depended on it! - will cling to the notion that God, who is eternal
Spirit, whose ways are past finding out, might
be infallibly known in a material book! produced by
fallible humans! a book, they say, without even one flaw,
total and absolute perfection! That's quite a proposition, and quite
a dream. It's had a long run.
I can empathize with this view. It's what I believed for a long
time; until I found better teachers who helped me to
see the errors in my thinking.
Funny, isn't it? Nowhere in life can anyone point to expressions
of absolute truth; to irrefutable evidence, the kind that is
self-evident, beyond debate, and obvious to all.
Yet, when it comes to the Bible,
somehow, in the opinion of hundreds of millions, we have in our
collective possession a Document dropped from heaven! delivered by
angels! with a return address as the very Throne
of God! with every term, every phrase, every punctuation mark,
golden! a Manuscript containing no errors! Infallible!
Sounds impressive, intimidating. Problem is... it's not true.
Things
You Don't Wanna Know
I'm going to give you many reasons why the
Bible was not dropped from heaven, why it is not infallible.
Some will resist this information.
As Father Robert Benson (P.S. #66) has said,
what would these ideologue-critics do without their great friend,
the Devil! as they appeal to him whenever rational argument fails;
which is quite often.
They will find something to say because
it's a matter of psychological survival for
them.
To Be
Replaced With What?
People are afraid of iconoclasts like
me. If I destroy long-cherished constructs of mind, where does one
go then? New frontiers can be very threatening.
Just now I am reminded of something the
apostle Paul once said. He had made the decision to leave orthodox
Judaism. He even left orthodox Christianity, the kind
promoted by the Jerusalem apostles (see below), in favor of a grace-oriented
life in the Spirit. It was not easy for him to
make these changes. His life was turned upside-down:
Galatians 2:
18-19. For if I build again the things which I destroyed,
I make myself a transgressor. For I through the law am dead to the
law, that I might live unto God.
In the context of his foregoing discussion
on justification in Galatians, Paul's somewhat cryptic
phrase, the things which I destroyed, more than
likely, refers to his previous life,
the time when he was focused on the Jewish law - but this
mind-set was abandoned when God's grace touched him (1:13-16). Like a man
dynamiting his own house, Paul destroyed and
trashed his own mental paradigms of God and life, ones carefully
constructed since boyhood - he had totally rejected
legalism. I through the law am dead to the law.
The word law is, in the Greek, without the article ["the"]
both times; "the law" would suggest that Paul is giving up only
the Mosaic law, whereas he is repudiating all kinds of
legalism.
Dying to law meant ceasing to regard obedience to law as
the means of securing acceptance with God. Paul shifts his view
from the Old Covenant law-system to all law-systems -
any system of activity designed to
earn God's approval. Let's put this in modern terminology,
the exposition of which will madden not a few: Paul is minimizing, even rejecting, religion! legalistic
religion! all rigid, doctrinaire, rule-book forms of religion,
be they Jewish or Gentile.
Let us not forget the background of
Paul. This is no religious liberal speaking, but
the great "Pharisee-of-the-Pharisees" who wrote the book on strict religion. Paul was
a highly respected "doctor of the law," a famous rabbi in his
day. So when Paul tells us that he "died to law" we must
understand that he plumbed depths of this subject in a way that most of
us will never know. When he, Mr. Law-Fanatic, crashed and burned
to law-systems, God, at the same time, granted him a unique
insight regarding the utter impossibility of any person earning
salvation via legalistic effort - this is why Paul speaks of "grace" so
often, much more than any other apostle!
Many of you reading this are
serious about serving God; about coming to understand the mysteries of
love, life, and death - how the universe truly works.
To begin that process of discovery, you
must, as the apostle Paul phrased it, become "dead to law" - that is, you must repudiate
all forms of legalism; you must
rid yourself of the idea that God and life can be
reduced to a schweet little formula; you know:
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"All I have to do is believe this,
and do that, and chant the right words, say the right prayers,
sing the songs, give a little money, volunteer for a committee,
show up on a certain day... and life will be good and God will be
pleased."
This is the essence of spirit-deadening legalistic religion.
You must, as Paul advised, be willing to
leave all that behind - I mean, in your
spirit
- whether you, in fact, leave or stay
with a particular church, is up to you.
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Editor's
note: as per our discussion in P.S. # 11, 12, you
are free. You might decide to stay with a church, at least for
awhile, if you feel that you can do some good there; but, if
you stay, you will do so without any illusions that God will
love you more for your membership. You are already loved, and
totally accepted! You are free!
And, in that repudiation of legalism, you
will be required, as Paul himself experienced, to "destroy"
certain things of the past - and that will
include even concepts of self, personal identities, pathological ones based on
fear - the belief that we, ourselves, are "not enough."
I don't know if you've ever looked at it
this way before, but... "grace" means that "you
are enough"! that
you, yourself, are worth something! that you, yourself, just
by yourself, alone, are worth more than the entire universe; and all
you have to do to claim your rightful status is simply to "wake up"
and become who you really are!
Though you sometimes were not aware
of it, the sun was behind the clouds all the time!
Light... it's always there... above the
clouds...
I will
say more about this near the end of this
writing.
But, for now, I want to speak out
about one of the great deceptions in the history of the world
- the notion of infallible books
- one of the supreme bastions of
legalistic religion, in its efforts to enslave
people!
I present for
your consideration 15 reasons why the Bible is not
an infallible book.
And, after I do that, I will also discuss
its rightful place in Christianity.
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Editor's
note: How many alert readers noticed,
in the above reference to my hero, the apostle Paul, a measure
of irony as I employ the Bible to reduce the Bible? Is that
cheating? By the end of this writing I hope to explain why it is
not cheating. There is a place, an important one, for biblical
documents, but not the one ascribed by those defending pathological
identity.
#1 - the apostle Paul was mistaken about
the time of Jesus' return
In I Thessalonians
4:15 Paul includes himself in the group that would witness
the return of Jesus: "we which are alive and
remain unto the coming of the Lord" - meaning, Paul believed
that Jesus would return within his own lifetime. This expectation
created a sense of urgency for Paul, later reflected in
his advice to the church; e.g., in I Corinthians
7 he counsels not worrying too much about one's present
socio-economic status (vss. 17f.) as this
was to be endured due to the "present distress," a time of
temporary suffering for Christians, soon to end with the Second
Coming. But by II Timothy 4:6
Paul understands that things will work out differently. He will die
a martyr's death, and we see him asking his assistants to help him
put his affairs in final order (vs.
13).
#2 - the apostle Paul changed
his mind about what immediately happens to us when we
die
Ten years ago I wrote an article on this
subject,
and I think you will want to read it. However, to offer a
brief synopsis, in I Corinthians 15:50
ff. Paul says that those who die before Jesus returns will
"sleep" in the grave and await the sound of the final trumpet. Yet,
a year later, by II Corinthians 5:1-6, Paul
has an entirely different point of view. Gone are the visions of
Jesus coming in the clouds with a vast sea of humanity called forth
from moldering graves! Instead, we hear Paul speaking of death in
terms directly in line with the latest scientific evidence; words
that might have been taken from a page of Victor Zammit's weekly
report! (see P.S.
#3)
What happened during that year to change Paul's
mind?
Dr. F.F. Bruce, the
famous conservative Scottish biblical scholar, wrote at length concerning
these things. There's an old saying that there's nothing like the
prospect of being hanged in the morning to
sharpen one's thinking. And Dr. Bruce
informs us that Paul, during the period between the two letters to the
Corinthians, was thrown to lions at Ephesus - Paul really thought
that his number was up. When he somehow survived, Paul, thoroughly
shaken, quite likely thought more deeply about what it meant to be
"in Christ," his favorite phrase, than he had ever done before. The
paradigm of awakening at the last trumpet, and all that, was a carry-over doctrine
from his old days of Pharisaism. And after the Ephesus experience, he realized that
nothing could ever separate him from God, not even death; and that, should
the next lion be more lucky, he would immediately be in the
Spirit Realm, without any long separation-period of sleep in the
grave!
In all of this, we see Paul making his way
through the very human process of stumbling in the dark toward the light -
Paul is a hero for many reasons, not the least of
which was his ability to modify his thinking upon deeper
reflection.
#3 - the apostles Peter
and James did not think that Paul and his writings were
divinely inspired... anything but!
How many of you know that Paul,
publically, before the whole church, called Peter a racial bigot and
a hypocrite? Check out Galatians 2:11 ff.
- things they never taught you in Sunday school! So much for the
infallible Peter!
Very few people today, even those who read
the Bible, understand that there was a doctrinal
war going on between the apostles in Jerusalem and, what they
called, the very liberal Paul
out in the missionary field.
You see,
the Jerusalem crowd was still saying that it was necessary to become a
Jew first in order to become a Christian; that one still
needed to observe many of the old Jewish laws.
Paul would have none of that and blasted
these emissaries of James. He called them "spies"! In Galatians 2:12 we learn that "certain came
from James" to investigate what Paul was doing in
the outlying churches. James, a strict Old Testament legalist,
who somehow found his way to the top of the Jerusalem hierarchy, was very
fond of sending out "spies" (Galatians
2:4
) to check up on this free-wheeling "Apostle to the
Gentiles."
In
several of his letters, Paul harshly refers to these traveling Jewish
bureaucrats from Jerusalem who would try to undo and undermine his
work. They would publicly call Paul "second-class," a "johnny-come-lately"
apostle!
Clearly, the boys in Jerusalem did not harbor sanctimonious
opinions of Paul as divinely inspired! Quite the contrary!
#4
- the apostle Paul himself regretted some of the things he
wrote in his letters; he did not write with a sense that he was
creating infallible scripture
Sometimes Paul had to play "the heavy" and settle certain
problems; and, at times, he regretted certain things that he put
into writing - how very human! But, in none of this do
we see Paul acting as a local cult leader, so impressed with his own words!
He certainly did not view himself as infallible! This is why he corrected
and changed his views!
#5 - the
gospel writers freely edited each other and did not see each other's
writings as "gospel"
Much of "Luke" and "Matthew" is merely a
borrowing from "Mark." This is common knowledge. A long time ago, as a
young theological student, I understood that the gospel writers -
quite, often, actually - would differ in their various accounts of
the activities of Jesus. Those who "harmonized" such discrepancies would
say that the gospel writers were like news reporters, each writing
of the same event, but each sometimes focusing on a particular
aspect. For example, how many people spoke to Jesus on a certain
occasion? was it two or three? the gospel writers might differ on
such things, but, it was said, only because of a
particular story emphasis - three people, it was asserted, spoke to
Jesus, but one account of the story might mention only two. Fair enough. No big
deal.
And I thought that
such explanation satisfied claims of biblical discrepancy. I continued in this view for
many years... until I came across a book by Bishop John Shelby Spong: Rescuing The Bible From
Fundamentalism: A Bishop Rethinks The Meaning of
Scripture. Dr. Spong points out that the gospel writers
did not merely engage in harmless "was it two or was it three?"
theology disparities. Far from it.
These writers freely edited each other;
sometimes, in a major way - and not in a kind way! Often the
editing would produce a meaning in direct
conflict with that of the other gospel writer!
It is beyond the scope of the present paragraph to allow for
details, so you'll need to read Spong's book for yourself. But when
I saw that, it was the beginning of the end for me regarding
"biblical infallibility," because, as you will discover,
the gospel
writers did not consider each other to be divinely inspired! They were not so impressed with each
other!
#6 -
other religions of the ancient world, long before Christianity, by
many hundreds of years, employed the same themes,
sometimes using the same words, as those found in the
Bible
Many of us have not heard the "rest of the
story." We have not been given a full view of history. You will find
it to be stranger than fiction! There
have been many other religions, well before Christianity, that incorporated
the following:
-
a pagan godman redeemer, born of a virgin,
on December 25, under a star; was later unjustly killed, then
resurrected, ascended to heaven, promised to come again at the end
of time to judge the living and the dead;
-
a
pagan godman, a Son of God, god-made-flesh, born in a
cave before three shepherds; offers his followers the chance to be
born again through baptism; turns water into wine at a marriage ceremony;
is surrounded by 12 disciples; rides triumphantly into town on a
donkey as people spread palm leaves to honor him; dies at Eastertime
for the sins of the world; at his death, descends into hell, and on
the third day, rises from the dead, and ascends to heaven in
glory; his followers celebrate his death and life with a ritual
meal of bread and wine, symbolizing his body and blood;
-
a pagan godman, at his death, as attested to in ancient documents, is found
to be uttering, "My God, my God, why have you
forsaken me?"
-
an ancient pagan godman, in honor
of his birth, is written of in terms resembling a modern Christmas
carol: "He is born! He is born! O come and
adore Him! ... Bow down before Him... Worship, adore Him... God
who is born in the night!"
-
pagan priests were famous in the ancient world
for their miracle-gifts of healing, exorcising demons, calming
storms and the raging sea, feeding the multitudes, and raising
the dead!
-
a pagan godman of the ancient world, of
whom it was written: "Thou hast saved us by
shedding the eternal blood... He is not dead! He lives forever! He
is alive more than they... He is their Lord, living and young
forever!"
-
a pagan philosopher, Sextus, writes:
"Such as you wish your neighbor to be to you,
such also be to your neighbor... Wish that you may be able to
benefit your enemies... Possess those things that no one can take
away from you."
-
Prof. Max Muller asserts that anyone who
uses terms such as "the Logos," or "the Word," or "the Only
Begotten," or "the First-born," or "the Son of God," has borrowed these concepts from Greek
philosophy, antedating Christianity by hundreds of
years!
Those who have not studied these things
will find all this to be quite shocking! There are
many things, commonly believed, which are pure fantasy.

"...like da Bible always
says, ya ain't gonna get a second chance."
- Editor's note: This line from Rocky is very
funny because it highlights a general ignorance regarding the
contents of "The Holy Book." People believe all sorts of things
which, they assume, derive from Scripture. I am reminded
of the late Louis Rukeyser of Wall Street Week. When one
of his money-management guests would begin to sound too confident,
pontificate, about a certain stock - like, "as IBM goes, so
goes the market" - he would humorously jab with, "Is that in the Bible?"
#7 - the four
gospels were written long after their reported events,
by those for whom the story was hearsay
evidence
The gospel of Mark
was written first. Scholars tell us that it was produced somewhere between 70 CE
and the early second century.
It is likely that most, possibly all, gospel accounts were written in
the second century by non-eye-witnesses
of the reported events; those who had no direct knowledge of
the events of 30 CE.
#8 - there is ample evidence that the
gospel writers had little first-hand knowledge of the
Jerusalem culture or even the geography!
-
The most telling moment in the gospels ... is
when Mark (chapter 7: 1 - 23) has Jesus quote from the Old
Testament in his arguments against the Pharisees. Nothing
surprising about this - except that Jesus quotes from the
mistranslated Greek version
[LXX, Septuagint] of
the Old Testament, which suits his purpose precisely, not from the
original Hebrew, which says something quite different and
unhelpful to his argument. That Jesus the Jew should quote a Greek
mistranslation of Jewish Holy Scripture to impress orthodox Jewish
Pharisees is simply unthinkable. (See "The Jesus
Mysteries")
This is amazing. Some of you have not heard
of the Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Old Testament. But
it is important that you understand the point being made here.
What is this like?
It would be something like an Iowan trying
to impress a native Frenchman with his knowledge of Paris and
French culture, gleaned from the back of a ketchup bottle.
Is that the ace being
played by Jesus, the Master Teacher, before the dark and narrowing
eyes of the Doctors of the Hebrew Law?
I'm sure the Pharisees were so impressed with
a quote based on the Septuagint! If this
scene had actually taken place, they would have laughed this theologian-quack
out of the Temple, and not even have bothered to kill him!
All of this does
make eminent sense, however, if this incident were entirely made up
- much later, maybe by 100 years after the fact - by those who had
no idea of the original meaning of the Hebrew text; and, as such,
put words into the mouth of Jesus which reflected their own
ignorance!
Allow me to put this in another context,
especially for those who will insist upon "infallibility."
If this is an accurate, literal account of
what happened that day in Jerusalem, then:
(1) Jesus is not very smart - as he
doesn't even know what the Hebrew law says; worse, he quotes a
disreputable knock-off version that the Pharisees would have hooted at;
or,
(2) Jesus is a lying politician - he knows that the
Septuagint version mistranslates and misrepresents a particular section of
the Old Testament, but uses it anyway, since it suits his
agenda.
Now, if you don't like those options, as I
do not like them, then...
(3) this is a fraudulent account of what Jesus said
and did!
#9
- the gospel of Matthew was wrong when it claimed that
Jesus would return in a few years
-
Matt. 24: 33,
34: "... when you see all these things, you can know his return is very near, right
at the door... this generation will not
pass from the scene until all these things take place." (New
Living Translation)
This verse clearly states that the
apostles - those listening to the words as they were delivered
- would be alive to
see all of the drama preceding the return of Jesus.
Churchmen, for nearly two thousand years,
have attempted to make sense of this obvious inexactitude -
sometimes to the point of buffoonery. It was once claimed that the
apostle John, hundreds of years after the fact, was still alive, in
hiding,
and therefore the words of Jesus might still be true!
Today, various churches are still bothered by
these embarrassing words. Many wild claims are made to save
face, an effort to maintain the "infallibility" of scripture.
(See "The Jesus Mysteries"
on the history of this verse and its tortured interpretations.)
#10 -
when Matthew quotes the Old Testament, he mistakenly cites Jeremiah
for Zechariah
The writer of the gospel known as
"Matthew" is ignorant of the literature concerning which he
professes to be an expert. He doesn't know that he has botched one of
his quotes... one of his "infallible" quotes:
But the "thirty pieces of silver" is
mentioned in Zechariah, not
Jeremiah!
A long time ago, in a paper submitted to
the philosophy department head at California State
University, I coined the term "pathological harmonizing"
to refer to the disingenuous effort, on the part of some, to
preserve the "infallibility" of scripture. The example above
regarding the apostle John in hiding is a perfect gem of this, but there are
many others just as adventurous.
Some, with unmitigated audaciousness, posit
that Matthew tells us that "Jeremiah
... says"; that is, Matthew is reporting
something that Jeremiah spoke, verbally professed,
but did not write down!
We are asked to believe that
Matthew knows
what Jeremiah said,
but did not write down, many hundreds of years before Matthew was born. This
might be a bigger miracle than "infallibility."
There's another reason why the "Jeremiah
spoke" argument is bogus. The writer of "Matthew" is appealing to a
certain audience - a Jewish audience with their particular Jewish
sensibilities; as such, Matthew very often attempts to quote the Old
Testament, a source that would be impressive and authoritative to
the Jewish mind. Does it make sense, in the
midst of all of that Old Testament name-dropping, all of that
attempt to bolster his position by appealing to an authority greater
than Matthew, that suddenly Matthew should try to convince his
readers that he, personally, is an authority who knows what Jeremiah
- of 600 BCE - "said"?
Yes, very
impressive, indeed. I'm sure his readers were all swayed by the force of that argument! But these
are the slippery games that some play!
I am playing
the fool here - but why do many normally-rational people
blithely swallow a "harmonizing" assertion like "Jeremiah
spoke"! Well, it's that identity
thing.
It's amazing to see that no tall tale is too tall to tell, or
too tall to accept, for the pathological harmonizers!
#11 -
biblical documents were edited by church politicians to support a
particular popular view, and a particular political
agenda
-
The church father, Origen, writing in
the third century, laments that biblical manuscripts were often edited
and interpolated to suit the needs of the changing theological
climate: "It is an obvious fact today that there is
much diversity among manuscripts, due either to the carelessness
of the scribes, or the perverse audacity of some people in
correcting the text; or again to the fact that there are those
who add or delete as they please,
setting themselves up as
the correctors."
-
The pagan philosopher Celsus: Christians "altered the
original text of the gospels three of four times, or even
more,
with the intention of thus
being able to destroy the arguments of their critics."
This is correct. A study of over 3000
early manuscripts has shown how scribes made many
changes.
-
It is common knowledge among scholars
that sometimes even whole sections were later
added to a particular text; e.g., the latter half of
the 16th chapter of Mark is a total fabrication, a fake, all added
much later, and not part of early manuscripts - yet today appears
as infallible "gospel" in most Bibles! (See "The Jesus
Mysteries")
#12 - many early Church Fathers taught that the biblical documents should be taken
allegorically, not literally (not
"infallibly")
-
Origen scorned the literalist view of
scripture; said that there were many things in the gospels "recorded as
actual events, but which did not happen literally.
" He quotes as an example the story of Jesus
taken to a mountain top and tempted by the Devil. Origen ridicules
the notion that anyone could see all the kingdoms of the world
from any mountain and asserts that this is meant to be taken
allegorically: "The careful reader will detect
thousands
of other passages like this in the
gospels."
-
Clement, too, stated that mature Christians could penetrate the allegorical
meaning of scripture by understanding "the involutions of
words and the solutions of enigmas," but that the
beginner sees only the surface meaning.
(See "The Jesus Mysteries"
)
-
Galatians 4: 23, 24: "Howbeit the
son by the handmaid is born after the flesh; but the son by the
freewoman is born through promise. Which things contain an allegory: for these women are two covenants; one from mount Sinai, bearing children unto
bondage, which is Hagar." (American Standard
Version)
#13 -
the "god of the Old Testament" is mentally unbalanced,
capricious, petulant, bloodthirsty - and even displays certain
deviant characteristics of the sort managed by
modern "offenders" lists!
Will Durant in his The Story of
Civilization says this:
-
... this god makes no
claim to omniscience: he asks the Jews to identify their homes by
sprinkling them with the blood of the sacrificial lamb, lest he should
destroy their children inadvertently along with the first-born
of the Egyptians; he is not above making mistakes, of which
man is his worst; he regrets, too late, that he created Adam, or
allowed Saul to become king. He is, now and then, greedy, irascible,
capricious, petulant: "I will be gracious to whom I will
be gracious, and will show mercy to whom I will show mercy." He
approves Jacob's use of deceit in revenging himself upon Laban; his
conscience is as flexible as that of a bishop in politics. He is
talkative, and likes to make long speeches; but he is shy, and will
not allow men to see anything of him but his hind parts... He will
have no pacifist nonsense; he knows that even a Promised Land can
be won, and held, only by the sword... To gain successes for his
people, he commits or commands brutalities [in wholesale quantities,
atrocities repugnant to the sensibilities of any cultured
mind - he cannot see the reason for uptightness regarding smashing
babies' skulls against the rocks] ... he slaughters whole
nations with the naive pleasure of a Gulliver fighting for
Lilliput. Because the Jews "commit whoredom" with the daughters
of Moab he bids Moses: "Take all the heads of the people, and
hang them up before the Lord against the sun"; it is the morality
of Ashurbanipal and Ashur. He offers to show mercy to those who
love him... but, like some resolute germ, he will punish children
for the sins of their fathers, their grandfathers, even their
great-great-grandfathers. He is so ferocious that he thinks of
destroying all the Jews for the worshipping of the Golden
Calf...
Timothy Freke and Peter Gandy:
-
... Jehovah destroys
all living things on the Earth by flood, but somehow manages to
also find the time to specifically execute one individual man for
letting his semen spill on the ground when having sex... he
inflicts hideous plagues on Egypt for not letting the Israelites
leave, despite the fact that it was he himself who "hardened
Pharaoh's heart" ... [he] makes it allowable to beat a slave to
death and, after rumours that Israelites have worshipped a rival
god, orders faithful Israelites to kill their friends and
relatives, leading to the death of 3,000 people... [he] takes
vengeance on the people of Gath by giving all the men a fatal dose
of hemorrhoids. In the Book of Leviticus he condones
human sacrifice. In Deuteronomy he orders the Israelites
to utterly destroy the people of the cities that he bequethes to
them as their "inheritance," commanding them "not to leave
anything that breathes alive" ... He also gives the Israelites
power to utterly destroy the Canaanites and exterminate the people
of Og, advising with regard to captured women and
children:
-
"Kill every male among
the little ones, and kill every woman who has known a man
intimately. But keep alive for yourself all the young girls who have not known a
man intimately." (Numbers 31: 17, 18)
Well... it appears that
this biblical god has a thing for little girls. The troops are offered captured little girls as
play-things! All the rest can be killed!
These things are so repugnant to
any reasonable sense of propriety that I should not even be joking
about this. Yet, this is the kind of buffoonery-mess, and the de
facto endorsement of it,
one finds oneself agreeing to in support of biblical "infallibility"!
I remember sermons in the distant past. The
speaker, God's spin-meister, in solemn and grave tones, is desperately trying
to justify all this bloody and sexual atrocity.
The speaker's
best shot is: "God is testing us with these
things."
Yes, indeed, quite a test, quite a stretch... such banal
sophistry!
-
Editor's
note, June 13, 2009: I received a phone call this morning from two very good
friends, Judy and Mark. Each has severe health issues; each is a
retired minister, Judy with a master's degree in theology. I mentioned
to Judy that I'd recently written this article with my "15
points." She laughed and, before I could comment too much, as
fruit of her own thought, rehearsed for me the essence of point
#13! She laughed again and said, as she remembered many past
conversations with various church members, "Whenever people have said to me that they are
certain that every word of the Bible is directly from God, I
immediately know that they haven't read the
Bible!"
Well, I was too polite to be so direct, so I'm glad I can quote
Judy. She went on to explain that she and Mark recently had a
conversation with Mark's 90 year-old father, a scholar and former
minister. Their discussion touched on much of what I
say in this article. Dear readers, my point for you is this:
Any person well-read in the field of theology knows the
things of which I speak here. But most have not heard of my
"15 points." Why is that? Mark and Judy would readily tell you
that the clergy is under severe pressure not to
"offend" parishioners with, let's say, "upsetting" information...
ahhh, that would be the truth! Well,
we wouldn't want to upset the tithepayers, now would we?
#14
- many biblical
documents, added to the New Testament at
a late date, were, among early Christians, widely regarded as
forgeries and fakes and generally dismissed as propaganda from church
politicians
The research of British historians Timothy
Freke and Peter Gandy is not easily set aside.
Their books contain many
hundreds - indeed, thousands - of references to ancient works, all of which
paint a much different picture of ecclesiastical history than
the one served up to you by modern church politicians!
How many of us today know that several New
Testament documents, among early Christians, were considered to
be fakes and so much political clap-trap, attempts by ecclesiastical
party-hacks to rewrite history!
Here's just a comment or two from
The Jesus Mysteries:
-
The Acts of the Apostles may well have
been ... an adaptation of originally Gnostic texts. At the end of
the second century, Irenaeus and Tertullian regard it as holy
scripture - yet just a generation earlier, Justin Martyr has not even heard of it! Acts was
fabricated in the form we now have it just in time to be a powerful
tool against [competing] Gnosticism, confirming the historicity of
the disciples and legitimatizing the bishops who claimed to
maintain their lineage. It also portrayed Paul as an apostle of
Literalism, and has him clearly acknowledge the primacy of Peter
and the other apostles." Editor's
note: they had to do
something about Paul taking Peter to the cleaners in Galatians
2!
-
"The earliest collection of letters
attributed to Paul
does not contain the Pastorals [Paul's purported letters to church
leaders]. In fact, we do not even hear of the Pastorals at all
until Irenaeus (c. 190). They appear as a part of the Christian
canon only after this time, always as a set... Even the great
orthodox propagandist Eusebius does not include them in his Bible
(c. 325)."
As one examines the broken pieces of the
historical record, it begins to become clear what happened. Later
ecclesiastical politicians inserted these fake documents into
the canon as an attempt to put words in Paul's mouth to disavow the
teachings of the earliest Christians! Paul in the Pastorals speaks
against much of what he strongly asserted in his first letters! The
later rogue church could not easily be rid of the famous Paul as a
heretic-quack, as they attempted to do with Origen, given Paul's
stature among Christians - so church politicians fabricated a story
in which Paul, effectively, spoke out against himself!
Today, 2000 years after
the fact, fundamentalists are "sure, "certain," "confident," of the
infallibility of holy writ; yet, those much closer to the great historical events
were not nearly as impressed!
-
Father Robert
Benson (P.S. #66),
More Light: "Orthodoxy has made
havoc of the truth. The New Testament
... has undergone all manner of accident from interpolations,
omissions, deletions, mistranslations, misstatements, and
misinterpretations. Even as the books stand ... they
represent but a sorry fragment of all
that Jesus said and did. As it is now, the New Testament is one of the most dangerous of books since by its
incompleteness it can so easily be misread... The New
Testament is not inspired by God... How many Christian religions
are there in existence upon earth this very day? There are
literally hundreds, and most of them are based upon wide
variations of scriptural interpretations of some one text or
another. [However,] they all have one feature
in common, monumental error..."
#15 - the apostle
Paul liberally borrows words,
phrases, concepts, from the
spiritually wise of his day! and did not receive
words dropped from heaven!
Peter Gandy:
-
"Paul quotes the
Pagan sage Aratus, who lived in Tarsus [Paul's home town]
several centuries earlier, describing God 'in
whom we live, and move, and have our being' ... Just as
Plato had written that we now only see reality 'through a glass dimly,' so Paul writes, 'for now we see
through a glass darkly; but then face
to face.' ... Plato, in his allegory of the cave, had spoken of
humankind's misperception of reality. Paul, too, says the same:
'At present all we see is the baffling reflection of
reality.'"
Matthew,
a "nightmare for literalists"
|
Question:
I am a member of a group of (progressive) Christians and
Jews who have been studying the New Testament. We began
with Mark and are now into Matthew and have been guided along
the way by several of your books, including Rescuing the Bible from
Fundamentalism. Our question is this: why do
you claim that Matthew’s gospel, in particular, is a nightmare
for literalists? Why Matthew more than the others?
Thank you, and thank you for making me believe I am a
Christian after all.
Answer:
Dear Vicky,
I don’t recall the particular quote to which you refer
about Matthew, but I am happy to tell you why I regard him as
a nightmare for literalism. In the opening chapter of
Matthew, he gives a genealogy of Jesus. He turns this
genealogy into three groups of 14 generations; the first from
Abraham to David which would be about 800 years or 40
generations; the second from David to the Exile, which would
be about 400 years or 20 generations and the third from the
Exile to Jesus which would be close to 600 years or 30
generations. Matthew says that these three epochs in
Jewish history constituted fourteen generations each. In
order to keep this symmetrical scheme in tact Matthew goes so
far as to leave out some kings mentioned in the Bible itself,
pretending, I suppose, that they must not have existed. That
is rather difficult for the literalists.
Next Matthew moves to the birth story of Jesus and he
quotes a text from the Hebrew Scriptures to justify each
episode in his narrative. None of those quoted texts,
however, is even remotely related to the situation for which
Matthew was using it. He is like a country preacher who
applies a text whether it fits or not. Literalists must
go crazy trying to make sense out of this. For example,
Isaiah 7:14, which he quotes about a virgin conceiving, has
nothing to do with the story of the Virgin Birth.
Indeed, the word virgin does not appear in that text in
Hebrew. It rather refers to a woman who “is with child.”
Such a woman can hardly claim a virgin’s status! Then he
quotes Micah 5:2 as if it predicts a Bethlehem birth place for
the messiah, but Matthew was making a reference to the
birthplace of King David and if the idea that the messiah must
be a direct descendent of King David is to be part of the
Jesus claim then he must have his place of birth transferred
from Nazareth, where he was surely born or else he would not
have been known as “Jesus of Nazareth,” to Bethlehem, “the
City of David.”
In the story of King Herod slaughtering the male babies in
Bethlehem he quotes the prophet Jeremiah, who wrote about
“Rachel weeping for her children who were not.” This text,
however, was about the fall of the Northern kingdom of Israel
to the Assyrians in 721 BCE. Rachel was thought to be
the ancestral mother of the Jews of the Northern Kingdom who
thought of themselves as the children of the tribes of Ephraim
and Manasseh, who were the sons of Joseph, whose mother was
Rachel, it has nothing to do with the apocryphal story of the
murder of the infants by King Herod. The Herod story was
in fact a Moses story being retold about Jesus.
He then quotes a text out of Hosea “Out of Egypt have I
called my son” to show that the flight of Joseph, Mary and the
Christ Child to Egypt to escape the wrath of Herod was the
fulfillment of this Hosea text. Hosea was, however, referring
to the Exodus of the Jews from Egypt under Moses’ leadership
some 1250 years earlier. It had nothing to do with the
flight of Jesus, Mary and Joseph to Egypt.
Finally, Matthew asserted that the settling of the family
of Jesus in the town of Nazareth was done to fulfill another
prophetic saying, but does not tell us his source. The fact is
that Jesus was probably born in Nazareth and he certainly grew
up there.
That is just for starters.
Literalism is something we impose on the gospels, but Matthew,
as an inveterate quoter of scripture, encourages literalism
with his quotations and almost universally they represent a
bad and distorted use of texts. The Bible itself refutes his
claims...
This is part of the substance that makes me think that
Matthew is a “nightmare for literalists.”
~John Shelby
Spong |
I will
stop here.
There
are many other examples, probably thousands, but I think you get the
idea with 15 points.
No claim of biblical infallibility, no
matter how exalted the source, could ever prove this assertion; but
a single example of discrepancy, even if small, will defeat
this unspiritual, and nonsensical, position! And there are
far more than one!
I would like to move on to the
real issue at hand.
What is
the psychology behind the rabid desire to view biblical documents as
"infallible"?
It has to do
with defending one's own distorted personal identity that has linked
itself to external psychological props.

Tolle has much to say about this issue of
identity. Excellent! a must-read!
The Myth
of Certainty
A long time ago, I read a book, The Myth
Of Certainty, by Dr. Daniel Taylor, professor of literature,
Bethel College, St. Paul, MN. I see it on my bookshelf now,
one of the teachers of my life.
Dr. Taylor poses a question which, at least
subliminally, bothers many Christians:
"Thinking, as many have
discovered, can be dangerous. It can get us into trouble - with
others, but also with ourselves. And the suspicion lingers in
religious circles that it can also, if we are not careful, get us
into trouble with God."
Looking under rocks has its disadvantages.
You never know what you'll find down there. Yet, we want to know -
there is a part of us that craves order and a sense of meaning
regarding our lives.
"We crave explanation
because it contributes to perhaps the most basic of all nonphysical
needs - the need for security... we are vulnerable. Destruction -
physical, mental, emotional, spiritual - threatens us at all times.
A fall from a curb, a lost job, a bitter word, a public humiliation
- at every point we feel the hazards of life. The great bulk of
human activity aims at lessening that vulnerability. Making money,
seeking love or accomplishment, buying insurance, courting power,
wearing the right shoes, writing books, having children... all these
and countless other daily activities are ways of protecting
ourselves from the myriad threats to our sense of personal safety
and well-being."
Taylor goes on to explain that the
unreflective adopt belief-systems in an effort to buy security in a
hostile world. The apostle Paul, in Galatians, says much the same
thing, as he explains the dark motivations behind the acceptance of
legalism.
"We
fend off competing world views because by threatening our present
understanding of reality they threaten our essential security. An
unbeliever presented with the claims of God, for instance, or a
believer confronted with the view that God is mere wish-fulfillment
are both being told that any meaning and security they have derived
from their explanation of the world is spurious and illusory... When
people defend their world view, they are not
defending reason, or God, or an abstract system; they are defending
their own fragile sense of security and self-respect.
It is as instinctive as defending one's
own body from attack."
-
Looking behind the curtain:
Why
many desire the Bible to be
infallible
It's that craving for
security of which Taylor speaks.
This desire for security is prompted by
our fears - the fear of not being enough, the fear of
loss; the fear of ultimate loss, which is death.
And in
this misguided search for security, many have attempted to reduce God
to a formula; a math equation with an "equals sign" in the
middle. If we can just perform our side of the bargain, then, we
believe, God and universe will be required to deliver the other
side, those things for which we crave and seek. How
formulaic.
This is the essence of legalism; all of
those law-systems that the apostle Paul famously
derided.
-
All of this is behind the desire to see the
Bible as infallible. Because, they believe, if we can
just "have faith" and "keep the rules" and "be good," and do all
the things outlined in an infallible book, then surely we
shall be saved... Many find security in this kind
of thinking!
But
here's what I've found...
This article, for many, has
introduced previously unknown information.
Maybe the
most shocking point was #6 regarding how ancient religions
have virtually taught and said the
same things as Christianity! Many of will wonder - and
are worried - what is that all about? (I will address
this in future articles.)

- Editor's
note:
This is an important book and should
be read by all.
I have stated that,
to my surprise and dismay, I have discovered
that many of the major ideas offered to me in my youth have
proven to be errors - utterly illusionary.
It is very unsettling to sort through
the inventory of one's mental constructs, only to find that most of it
is rubbish!
But here's what I've found...
If you don't panic, if you stay with it,
and search a little deeper, if you can live with the temporary
mental dissonance, you will start to find some answers.
God
is Light (P.S. #20). This means that it is his nature to reveal himself;
but only when we are ready. And this Light, like the sun above
the clouds, is always there, even when we, in our confusion, can't
see it. It is always there, ready to present itself
to us... when we decide to put away our fears and fairy tales and move
into a higher level of consciousness.
The "Holy Spirit," of which
the Bible speaks, is better understood by the term "Purified Consciousness" -
a higher level of awareness! the lights will come on;
suddenly, more and more, and we
will begin to see!
So now, after the 15 points, why am I quoting
the Bible...
The Bible was written over approximately 1500
years. It contains about 70 separate documents; originally composed
in 3 or 4 different languages; written by 40 or
so different writers.
The content material reflects the cultures of
many different ancient peoples. The literary styles of the documents
span poetry to prose; letters to pithy aphorism; history and
allegory. This is no easy read.
Some of its message, as explained above, is
utter rubbish; mere political propaganda; the musings of dark minds,
efforts to exercise power and control over the unthinking masses.
Always keep in mind, that's what Dear Leader and The Lying Teacher (P.S. #21) do... it's their job.
And if religious politicians can convince you that the Bible is
"infallible," and that they - only - are the official interpreters
of this mysterious book, well, then, they will derive power
from this assertion... power over you!
But, in the midst of all this
darkness, we must acknowledge that some of
the biblical documents do represent ancient and great wisdom
- the best understanding of spiritual peoples concerning the
nature of love, life, death, and the most important ideas of
history.

- Editor's
note: I self-published this book
in 1983 - just in time to dedicate it to my then
two-year-old son, Joey, and baby Sara, who had just been born a month before.
This book was quite a project for me; but let me tell you how it began.
In 1973, as a college student in England, I was
privileged to attend a public-speaking class by Bob Morton. This
man, along with Art Mokarow, had great insight into the workings
of human nature. Morton would spice his lectures with
references to the book of Proverbs - that might not sound too
exciting to you, but this great teacher introduced us to wondrous concepts, from
the text, previously unknown to us. People vote with
their feet! And there was standing-room only in this
class; bodies were
lined up around the walls, just to hear this
man speak! College department heads voluntarily attended to learn about
human relations and wise management techniques. This was "an event," merely to hear Bob
speak! With the exception of Art Mokarow, I would not discover
another gifted teacher of this caliber for another 36 years, not
until I found Eckhart Tolle (P.S. #23). My contact with Bob Morton
sent me into a swoon regarding the mysteries of Proverbs.
I would spend the next
years studying this ancient biblical document; truly, one of the life-defining projects of my life!
My own book was never really promoted. I
sold only a few hundred copies, though it received an
excellent literary review. I occasionally see it floating around Amazon. One last footnote
about this book. My name is nowhere to be found in it! At the
time, I was concerned that my local minister (P.S. #21) would be
offended, and threatened, by such literary audaciousness - a clear
sign, he would suppose, that I intended to start my own
church! therefore, to preemptively diffuse this issue, I simply ascribed the
work to a corporate entity. My strategy failed. He still
felt threatened, and publicly denounced me for my uppityness. Well, that was
a long time ago... and, as the country western singer advises,
"that's no reason why we can't be friends."
[smile]
-
Some of you might ask: Does this mean that
some of the Bible is "infallible"?
Allow me to say, never think in those
terms again. The writers of the credible parts of the Bible, those
parts written by spiritual people, were
just people, people like you and me, people who were groping in the
dark and searching for a better understanding of the truth.
The apostle Paul, himself, in
I Corinthians 13, admitted to a measure of darkness and claimed
no omniscience! His letters reflect
a progressive revelation of understanding; as such, his writings are valuable
spiritual
guides! He changed
his mind as required! He was wrong
about some things. Do not elevate him to special godhood. Do not imagine
that God loves him more than any of us! To unwarrantedly ascribe such undue
status trivializes his struggles and reduces the impact of his fine "human" example.
We all, if we are searching, will be
aided by that God Who Is Light, that God who,
by nature, seeks to reveal himself. And progressive revelation, if
we are ready to receive, will be the fruit of our searchings, as well.
The
Wonder of You
We live in a world
that has marginalized our dignity, that of having been created in
the image of God.
Many of us, psychologically, like the
denizens of H.G. Wells' Time Machine,
are so beaten down, in
terms of self-image, that we think it quite normal for others to prowl
at night and to feed upon us!
It can all begin to change; if we want
it to change. There are many good teachers in this world. When
you are ready to learn, you will find them suddenly provided
to you, popping up everywhere... God is
Light... but ya gotta wanna!
|